急性呼吸道传染病期间海南省前期援鄂护士心理健康状况及其影响因素

Analysis on psychological health status and its influencing factors of Hainan Province nurses assisting Hubei Province during period of acute respiratory infectious disease

目的对急性呼吸道传染病期间海南省前期支援湖北省的护理人员心理健康状况进行调查,分析其影响因素,为制定心理干预措施提供基础。方法于2020年2月采用一般资料调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、情绪调节策略量表(ERQ)对海南省前期援鄂的一线护理人员进行问卷调查,统计SCL-90症状水平,将SCL-90各因子与中国护士常模相比,并分析影响其心理状况的因素。结果共发放问卷104份,回收有效问卷104份。海南省援鄂护士SCL-90总分为131.28±42.87,阳性28人(26.92%);与护士常模比较,援鄂护士的恐怖因子分较高,而人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对的因子分较低;ERQ中认知重评得分为29.48±8.50,表达抑郁得分为16.77±6.28。单因素分析结果显示,援鄂护士工作年限对SCL-90评分显著影响(P<0.05);援鄂护士SCL-90总分与ERQ认知重评、表达抑郁的Spearman相关性系数r值分别为-0.205、-0.197(均P<0.05),呈负相关性。多元线性回归分析结果显示,认知重评、工作年限进入回归方程可解释海南援鄂护士SCL-90评分变异的12.4%。结论海南援鄂护士心理健康整体状况较好,SCL-90量表症状初筛阳性率较低,部分援鄂护士出现心理应激反应,工作年限、情绪调节策略是护士心理健康的影响因素,管理者应针对护士不同工作年限和情绪调整策略,给予相应的干预,发挥认知重评的积极作用,降低援鄂护士心理应激反应,促进其心理健康。

Objective To investigate the psychological health status of Hainan Province nurses assisting Hubei Province at the early stage during the period of acute respiratory infectious disease,analyze its influencing factors,and provide the basis for the development of psychological intervention measures.Methods In February 2020,general data questionnaire,Symptom Checklist90(SCL-90)and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(EQR)were used to investigate the front-line nurses assisting Hubei Province at the early stage in Hainan Province.The level of positive symptoms of SCL-90 was counted,the factors of SCL-90 were compared with the norm of Chinese nurses,and the factors affecting the psychological status of nurses were analyzed.Results A total of 104 questionnaires were released,and 104 questionnaires were effectively recovered.The total score of SCL-90 of nurses assisting Hubei was 131.28±42.87,of which 28 were positive(26.92%).Compared with the norm of nurses,the score of phobia factor in nurses assisting Hubei were higher,while the scores of interpersonal sensitivity,depression and hostility factors were lower.The cores of cognitive reevaluation and expressing depression in ERQ were 29.48±8.50 and 16.77±6.28 respectively.The results of univariate analysis showed that the working years of nurses assisting Hubei had a significant effect on their SCL-90 score(all P<0.05).Spearman correlation coefficient r value of SCL-90 total score with ERQ cognitive reevaluation and expressing depression was-0.205 and-0.197 respectively(P<0.05),showing a negative correlation.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that cognitive reevaluation and working years entered the regression equation,which could explain 12.4%of variation of SCL-90 score in nurses assisting Hubei.Conclusion The overall psychological health of Hainan nurses assisting Hubei is better,and the positive rate of symptoms on the SCL-90 scale is lower in the preliminary screening.Some nurses have psychological stress reaction.Working years and emotion regulation strategies are the influencing factors of nurses’psychological health.Managers should give corresponding intervention according to different working years and emotional adjustment strategy tendency,give full play to the positive role of cognitive reevaluation,reduce the psychological stress reaction of nurses assisting Hubei,and promote their mental health.