批评认知语言学:语言理解与接受的分析视角——再论批评认知语言学的理论建构

Critical Cognitive Linguistics:An Analytical Perspective from Language Comprehension and Reception—Revisiting the Theoretical Construction of Critical Cognitive Linguistics

本文试图提出一种正在浮现的批评认知语言学新的分析视角:语言理解与接受的视角。大多数的批评话语研究,包括批评认知语言学,都是基于语言产出视角的,侧重探讨说写者如何建构话语以及产生的认知和修辞效应,而在某种程度上忽视了话语消费者的反应,因此语言理解与接受的分析视角可以弥补这一不足。本文指出我们需要识别在语言理解和接受中的心理表征与复杂认知过程,具体做到“三个识别”:认知定位(cognitive orientation)、认知深度(cognitive depth)和认知构造(cognitive constructiveness)。同时我们阐释被诱出的语料,具体来讲,就是阐释听读者对说写者的可信度,文本的逻辑性以及听读者在话语理解中唤起的情感。这一分析视角可以为今后的批评认知语言学提供一个可供选择的研究路径。

This article attempts to propose an emerging and new analytic perspective of Critical Cognitive Linguistics(CCL):A perspective from language comprehension and reception.Most of Critical Discourse Studies(CDS),including CCL,are carried out from the perspective of language production,particularly investigating how discourse producers construct the discourses and their activated cognitive and rhetoric effects,neglecting,to some extent,the responses from discourse consumers.The perspective of language comprehension and reception can remedy this drawback.We propose and elaborate on how to identify the mental representations and complex cognitive processes,specifically making three“identifications”:cognitive orientation,cognitive depth and cognitive constructiveness.At the same time we explain the elicited data,specifically deciphering the ethos of speakers and writers,logos of the texts and the evoked pathos from listeners and readers in language comprehension and reception.This analytic perspective can provide the future CCL an alternative path of research.