基于多元线性回归研究有机肥替代对土壤养分及产量的影响

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Substitution on Soil Nutrients and Yield Based on Multiple Linear Regression

以黑土为试验对象,基于多元线性回归研究单施化肥、单施有机肥和不同比例有机肥替代对土壤养分和作物产量的影响。结果表明:适度有机肥替代可缓解土壤酸化,与单施化肥相比,由于"正激发效应"的影响,短期内有机肥替代提升土壤有机质含量不明显;有机肥替代能提高土壤速效钾和全氮含量,与单施化肥相比,提升土壤全磷和全钾效果不明显。有机肥替代显著影响土壤的养分状况,提高作物产量,且随着有机肥替代化肥比例的增加,土壤养分有先升高后降低的现象,单施有机肥短期内会降低作物产量。有机肥替代氮肥减施30%(OM70)较为合适,既能促进作物增产,又能改善土壤养分状况。

In this study, the effects of chemical fertilizer application, organic fertilizer application and organic fertilizer substitution on soil nutrients and crop yield in black soil were studied based on multiple linear regression. The results showed that moderate organic fertilizer replacement could alleviate soil acidification. Compared with single chemical fertilizer application, organic fertilizer replacement did not improve soil organic matter content significantly in the short term due to the influence of "positive excitation effect". Organic fertilizer replacement could increase soil available K and total N contents, but the effect of soil total P and total K was not obvious compared with chemical fertilizer application alone. Substitution of organic fertilizer significantly affected soil nutrient status and improved crop yield. With the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer substituted for chemical fertilizer, soil nutrients increased first and then decreased, and application of organic fertilizer alone would reduce crop yield in the short term. Organic fertilizer was suitable to replace nitrogen fertilizer by 30%(OM70), which could not only promote crop yield, but also improve soil nutrient status.