中医护理在脑卒中卧床患者经鼻肠管泵入肠内营养中的应用效果研究

Study on Application Effect of Chinese Medicine Nursing on Bedridden Patients with Stroke During Period of Enteral Nutrition Support Through Nasojejunal Tube

目的:观察中医护理在脑卒中卧床患者经鼻肠管泵入肠内营养中的应用效果。方法:选择64例脑卒中卧床患者,采用随机数字表法分为试验组与参照组,每组32例。参照组经鼻肠管泵入肠内营养,期间实施常规护理,试验组在参照组基础上实施中医护理。比较2组干预前后营养指标、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、生活能力评分及吸入性肺炎发生率。结果:干预后,试验组转铁蛋白、白蛋白水平均高于参照组,体质量指数、三头肌皮褶厚度、上臂围均大于参照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预1周、1个月,试验组NIHSS评分低于同期参照组,生活能力评分高于同期参照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组发生吸入性肺炎1例,占比3.13%;参照组发生吸入性肺炎6例,占比18.75%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在脑卒中卧床患者经鼻肠管泵入肠内营养过程中实施中医护理,可以改善其营养状况和神经功能,预防吸入性肺炎发生。

Objective:To observe the application effect of Chinese medicine nursing on bedridden patients with stroke during period of enteral nutrition support through nasojejunal tube.Methods:A total of 64 cases of bedridden patients with stroke were selected and divided into the experiment group and the control group according to the random number table method,32 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing during period of enteral nutrition support through nasojejunal tube,and the experiment group was additionally given Chinese medicine nursing based on the nursing of the control group.Nutrition index,scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)and living ability,and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia were compared in the two groups before and after intervention.Results:After intervention,levels of transferrin and albumin in the experiment group were higher than those in the control group;the body mass index,triceps skinfold thickness,and upper arm circumference were larger;differences were significant(P<0.05).During the first week and month of intervention,the score of NIHSS in the experiment group was lower than that in the control group in the same period,and the score of living ability was higher,differences being significant(P<0.05).There was one case of aspiration pneumonia in the experiment group(3.13%),and six cases of aspiration pneumonia in the control group(18.75%),the difference being significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:During period of enteral nutrition support through nasojejunal tube,the application of Chinese medicine nursing can improve nutritional status and nerve function of bedridden patients with stroke,and prevent the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.