涠洲岛海域生物体内重金属质量状况及变化情况分析

Analysis on the Quality and Change of Heavy Metals in Organisms in the Sea Area of Weizhou Island

本文通过对2009年至2018年间涠洲岛邻近海域234份生物样品体内重金属含量的检测结果进行分析,研究了该海域生物体内重金属质量状况和变化趋势,并对其超标情况进行了评价。结果表明,该海域鱼类体内重金属污染程度排序为Pb>Zn>Hg>Cd>Cu;软体类(除双壳贝类)体内重金属污染程度排序为Cd>Zn>Cu=Hg>Pb;双壳贝类体内重金属污染程度排序为Pb>Cd>Zn>Hg>Cu;甲壳类体内重金属污染程度排序为Pb>Zn>Hg>Cd>Cu。该海域双壳贝类生物体内Pb、Cd和Zn超标较为普遍,其他软体类、鱼类和甲壳类体内重金属含量基本可以满足相应生物质量标准要求。总的来看,根据2009年至2018年多年调查结果显示,该海域生物体内重金属污染没有因为人类活动的增加而出现恶化趋势。

This article analyzes the detection results of heavy metals in 234 biological samples in the waters adjacent to Weizhou Island from 2009 to 2018,studies the quality and changing trends of heavy metals in organisms in this sea,and evaluates their excesses.The results show that the order of heavy metal pollution in fishes in this sea area is Pb>Zn>Hg>Cd>Cu;the order of heavy metal pollution in molluscs(except bivalve)is Cd>Zn>Cu=Hg>Pb;The order of heavy metal pollution in shellfish is Pb>Cd>Zn>Hg>Cu;the order of heavy metal pollution in shellfish is Pb>Zn>Hg>Cd>Cu.Excessive levels of Pb,Cd and Zn in bivalve molluscs in this sea area are common,and the heavy metal content of other molluscs,fish and crustaceans can basically meet the requirements of the corresponding biological quality standards.In general,according to the survey results from 2009 to 2018 for many years,the heavy metal pollution in organisms in this sea area has not deteriorated due to the increase of human activities.