医疗废物处理处置污染控制标准解读

Interpretation of standard for pollution control on medical waste treatment and disposal

医疗废物是医疗卫生机构在医疗、预防、保健及其他相关活动中产生的具有直接或间接感染性、毒性以及其他危害性的废物,也包括《医疗废物管理条例》规定的其他按照医疗废物管理和处置的废物。为进一步完善医疗废物处理处置环境管理体系,2020年12月生态环境部和国家市场监督管理总局联合发布了《医疗废物处理处置污染控制标准:GB 39707-2020》。文章从标准制定的必要性、标准框架结构及适用范围、排放限值确定及对比分析、标准实施的环境效益和达标成本、标准实施建议等方面进行论述,对该标准主要内容进行解读,以期为标准的落地实施提供指导。

The medical waste refers to waste with direct or indirect infectivity,toxicity and other hazards generated by medical and health institutions in medical treatment,prevention,health care and other relevant activies.In addition,the other wastes treated as the medical waste in the Regulations on the Management of Medical Waste are also included.In order to furtherly improve the environmental management system of medical waste treatment and disposal,the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the State Administration for Market Regulation issued Standard for Pollution Control on Medical Waste Treatment and Disposal(GB 39707—2020)in December 2020.Besides introducing its necessity and significance,this paper also interpreted the standards in terms of the application scope,basis of the limit value determination and comparative analysis,environmental benefits and economic costs of implementation,as well as the standard implementation recommendations.This paper aimed to provide some guidance for the standard implementation.