兰州市道路移动源排放清单及防控政策减排核算

On-road mobile source emission inventory and emission reduction accounting of control policies in Lanzhou

为了解兰州市机动车污染物排放特征及本地防控措施的减排效果,基于排放系数法和ArcGIS技术,建立了兰州市2017年1 km×1 km高分辨率道路移动源排放清单。结果表明,兰州市2017年道路移动源CO、NO_(x)、SO_(2)、NH_(3)、VOC_(S)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的排放总量分别为5.01×10^(4)、1.95×10^(4)、4.97×10^(2)、3.98×10^(2)、1.01×10^(4)、3.94×10^(2)和4.28×10^(2)t;柴油重型货车是NO_(x)、SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的主要贡献源,汽油小型客车是CO、NH_(3)和VOC_(S)的主要贡献源;国Ⅲ和国Ⅳ车各污染物排放量均较大;道路移动源排放高值集中分布于主城区黄河以南区域;对本地机动车污染减排政策的定量化分析可得,淘汰老旧车和提高公共交通新能源利用率均可有效降低兰州市机动车污染排放。

In order to clarify the emission characteristics of vehicle pollutants in Lanzhou and the emission reduction effects of local prevention measures,based on the emission coefficient method and the ArcGIS technology,the 1km×1km high-resolution on-road mobile emission inventory of Lanzhou in 2017 was established.The results showed that the total emissions of CO,NO_(x),SO_(2),NH_(3),VOC_(S),PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)from on-road mobile sources in Lanzhou in 2017 were 5.01×10^(4),1.95×10^(4),4.97×10^(2),3.98×10^(2),1.01×10^(4),3.94×10^(2)and 4.28×10^(2)t,respectively.The diesel heavy trucks were the main contributors to NO_(x),SO_(2),PM_(2.5)and PM_(10).The gasoline minibuses were the main contributors to CO,NH_(3)and VOC_(S).The pollutant emissions of the vehicles with the national Ⅲ and Ⅳ emission standards were relatively large.The high emission status of the on-road mobile sources was located in the main urban area at the south of the Yellow River.The quantitative analysis of the emission reduction policies of the local motor vehicles showed that eliminating old vehicles and increasing the utilization rate of the new energy vehicles for public transportation could effectively reduce the vehicle pollution emissions in Lanzhou.