儿童严重过敏反应的预防和长程管理

Prevention and long-term management of anaphylaxis in children

严重过敏反应在儿童发病率逐年升高。食物是儿童严重过敏反应的主要诱因。目前我国对儿童严重过敏反应存在认识不足,诊断不足,治疗不足的问题,约1/3儿童严重过敏反应可反复发作。个体化长期管理对预防儿童严重过敏反应再次发作至关重要。本文从规避诱因、识别早期症状、长程管理危险因素及管理伴发因素进行阐述,旨在提高临床医师对儿童严重过敏反应的认识、规范诊疗和长程管理、预防复发。

Anaphylaxis is increasingly in children.Foods are the most common triggers.Anaphylaxis is currently undernotified,underdiagnosed,and undertreated in China.Recurrence of anaphylaxis has been recorded in one-third of cases,thus it is essential to prevent recurrence in long-term personalized management of anaphylaxis.Here it reviews the avoidance of triggers and cofactors/risk factors,long-term management of anaphylaxis.This article aims to increase awareness of anaphylaxis in children in order to improve management and prevention of recurrences.