下一代测序技术检测ctDNA在胃癌诊疗中的应用

Application of next-generation sequencing technology detecting ctDNA in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer

胃癌是一种发病率和死亡率都很高的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着当今人类的生命健康。目前,胃癌的诊断和病程监测主要依靠胃镜活检和影像学检查,但侵入性和迟滞性限制了它们的临床价值,胃癌患者急需一种实时、精确、非侵入的诊断和病程监测方法。循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是由肿瘤细胞释放到体液中的单链或双链DNA,含有与原始肿瘤细胞相同的基因突变,也是新近出现的生物学标志物之一。随着下一代测序(NGS)技术的出现和发展,ctDNA检测的敏感度和特异度不断提升,正逐渐成为肿瘤诊断和病程监测的新选择。本文就目前下一代测序技术检测ctDNA在胃癌诊断和治疗中的应用进行阐述。

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality,which is a serious threat to human life and health.At present,the diagnosis and course monitoring of gastric cancer mainly rely on gastroscopic biopsy and CT,but their invasiveness and delay limit their clinical value.Gastric cancer patients urgently need a real-time,accurate,non-invasive diagnosis and course monitoring method.Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is single or double stranded DNA released into body fluid by tumor cells,which contains the same genetic mutations as the original tumor cells.It is also one of the newly emerged biological markers.With the emergence and development of next-generation sequencing(NGS)technology,the sensitivity and specificity of ctDNA detection continue to increase,and it is gradually becoming a new choice for tumor diagnosis and disease course monitoring.In this paper,the current application of the next-generation sequencing technology detecting ctDNA in diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer was discussed.