供应商地理距离对企业投入产出效率的影响研究—来自A股上市公司的经验证据

The Impact of Supplier Geographic Distance on Input-output Efficiency-Empirical Evidence from A-share Listed Companies

合理的供应商分布决策对企业生产经营有重要作用.文章基于中国A股上市公司2003年-2018年的数据资料,以数据包络分析方法(DEA)测量企业投入产出效率,结合企业注册地经纬度测算企业与国内前五大供应商间的平均地理距离,选择固定效应面板回归模型和分位数回归方法进行实证分析.结果发现:供应商与企业的地理距离越远,企业投入产出效率越高;随着生产效率的提高,供应商地理距离对企业投入产出效率增长的边际作用呈上升趋势;企业所在城市开通高铁或位于经济较发达地区时,地理距离对企业投入产出效率的影响更显著.上述研究为提高企业供应链质量和经营效率提供决策支持.

Reasonable supplier distribution decision is of great significance to the production and operation of enterprises.Based on the data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2003 to 2018,this paper uses DEA method to measure the investment efficiency of enterprises.To measure geographical distance between top five domestic suppliers and enterprises,the paper combines kinds of method with longitude and latitude of enterprises.What’s more,two empirical models contained fixed effect panel model and quantile regression model are selected.The results show that the closer the geographical distance between suppliers and enterprises,the higher output efficiency enterprises have.With the improvement of production efficiency,the marginal promoting effect which supplier geographic distance has is on the rise.In addition,the paper finds that if the cities where enterprises located set up a high-speed rail station,the geographical distance plays a more significant role in promoting the input-output efficiency of enterprises.Meanwhile,there is the same result as if the enterprises are located in the three economically developed regions.The conclusion provides information for enterprises to improve the quality of enterprise supply chain and operation efficiency.