成都市主要农作物灌溉节水潜力分析

Analysis of irrigation water-saving potential of main crops in Chengdu City

农业灌溉用水长期占据成都市总用水开支中的主要组成部分。以成都市主要农作物为研究对象,在保证农作物生产和农业灌溉用水安全的前提下,从提高节水灌溉率降低农作物灌溉需水量方向进行研究,探讨了农业灌溉节水潜力,并对成都市未来农业灌溉节水发展方向提出了建议。结果表明:随着节水灌溉率的提升,各类农作物的综合灌溉用水定额减小,其灌溉需水量均产生明显下降。但仅依靠实施工程性节水措施降低灌溉需水量存在局限性,由此获得的节水潜力将随着节水灌溉率的提高而逐渐减小,还需要实施非工程节水措施,形成因地制宜的节水灌溉综合体系,从而达到高效、高产的农业节水目标。

Agricultural irrigation water consumption has long been the main part of Chengdu's total water consumption.On the premise of ensuring the safety of crop production and agricultural irrigation water,this paper discusses the irrigation water-saving potential of main crops from improving water-saving irrigation efficiency and reducing irrigation water requirement in Chengdu,and puts forward some suggestions on the future development direction of irrigation water-saving.It is showed that with the improvement of water-saving irrigation efficiency,the comprehensive irrigation water quota of all kinds of crops decreased,and the irrigation water requirement decreased significantly.However,there will be limitations if the implementation of engineering water-saving measures are applied solely to reduce irrigation water requirement,and the water-saving potential will gradually decrease with the increase of water-saving irrigation rate.Some non-structure measures are needed to form comprehensive water-saving system and realize agriculture water-saving goal with high efficiency and high production output.