天池抽水蓄能电站地下洞室群爆破粉尘及炮烟控制技术分析

Analysis on control technology of blasting dust and smoke in underground caverns of Tianchi Pumped Storage Power Station

为解决天池抽水蓄能电站地下洞室群爆破粉尘及炮烟污染问题,研究了爆破粉尘及炮烟的特征与消散规律,提出了高效的降尘方法。针对天池抽水蓄能电站尾水洞的爆破开挖,开展了施工现场试验。分别监测了常规光面爆破、加水袋及水沙袋的光面爆破产生的粉尘浓度;以常规光面爆破试验的粉尘平均浓度值为基准,对比了爆破粉尘及炮烟浓度大小,分析了水袋及水沙袋对粉尘消散的影响规律。研究结果表明:采取加水袋及水沙袋的光面爆破技术进行爆破粉尘及炮烟控制是可行、有效的;与常规光面爆破相比,加有水袋及水沙袋的光面爆破技术对爆破粉尘控制效果更加明显,水在高温作用下能够雾化,包裹粉尘颗粒,加速降尘过程,同时充分吸收爆炸产生的有毒、有害气体,达到改善洞内空气质量的目的。

In order to solve the pollution problem of blasting dust and smoke in underground cavern group of Tianchi pumped storage power station,the characteristics and dissipation law of blasting dust and blast smoke were studied,and an efficient dust control method was proposed.Aiming at the blasting excavation of the tailrace tunnel,the construction field test method was adopted to monitor the dust concentration generated by conventional smooth blasting,smooth blasting with water bag and humid earth-sand bag.Based on the average concentration caused by conventional smooth blasting test,the concentration of blasting dust and smoke was compared,and the influence of water bags and humid earth-sand bags on dust dissipation was analyzed.The research results showed that it is feasible and effective to control blasting dust and smoke by smooth blasting technology with water bag and humid earthsand bag.Compared with conventional smooth blasting,the smooth blasting technology with water bag and humid earth-sand bag has obvious effect on the control of blasting dust.Under the action of high temperature,the water can produce atomization,envelop the dust particles,accelerate the dust reduction process,and fully absorb the toxic and harmful gases generated by the explosion,so as to improve the air quality in the cave.