神圣“暴力”与忘我“无言”:巴塔耶论爱欲

Sacred “Violence” and Ecstatic “Silence”: Georges Bataille on Eroticism

乔治·巴塔耶是放浪不羁的登徒子,是备受争议的色情作家,是发达资本主义时代的反讽诗人,更是探索爱欲问题的严肃哲人。在生命晚年潦倒之际,巴塔耶接连完成了数部以爱欲为主题的思想作品,总结了一生情色缤纷的实践、书写与思考。巴塔耶意义上的爱欲绝非兽性的性爱或色情,而是纯粹的耗费活动,是人类特有的逾矩冲动,是嘲讽理性的神圣暴力,更是通达自主的生命奔流。爱欲是所谓内在体验的极致体现,因而是理性语言无法把捉的生命极境。作为人之为人的终极问题,爱欲最终意味着肯定生命、至死方休的沉默无言。

Georges Bataille was a libertine, a controversial novelist, an ironic poet in the era of high capitalism, as well as a serious philosopher on eroticism. Near the end of his career, Bataille finished several theoretical works on eroticism, summing up the practice, writing, and thinking of a life of erotic transgression. Eroticism, in his sense, is not bestial sexual activity nor pornography, but pure expenditure and dialectic transgression unique to human beings. Eroticism is a kind of sacred violence that subverts the rational world and energetic life flow towards sovereignty and freedom. Eroticism is the limit of life that cannot be captured by rational language, since it is the extreme embodiment of so-called inner experience. Being the ultimate question of Being-in-the-world, eroticism is finally a kind of silence "assenting to life up to the point of death."