化学系统性思维的表征手段与改革实践

Representation and Practice of System Thinking in Chemistry

化学系统性思维强调化学子系统之间,以及化学系统与其他学科系统之间的关系,有助于学习者整合、应用化学知识解释化学现象、解决化学问题。内外交织的多个不同系统很容易让学生迷失在纷繁复杂的概念体系中,需要借助SOCME,OPM,BOTG,CLD,SFD等可视化图形工具厘清各个系统之间的关系,以表征化学系统性思维。在明确化学系统性思维内涵的基础上,开展"化学平衡"教学改革,探索绿色化学课程建设,开展游戏化学习、服务性学习、深度学习、项目学习、工作坊或研讨会,有助于化学系统性思维培养实践的改革与落地。横向关联化学系统与其他学科系统的关系,纵向深入分析化学子系统之间的关系,是进一步开展化学系统性思维教学的关键。这就需要多学科的协同攻关,既要关注化学知识的社会应用,也要抓住化学学科本质和特征,才可以围绕化学概念和社会问题,建构纵横交织的多系统影响关系,促进学生化学系统性思维的发展。

System thinking in chemistry(STC)emphasizes the relationships within the subsystems in chemistry,and the relationships between chemistry system and other subject systems,which is useful for learners to integrate and apply chemistry knowledge for the chemical phenomenon explaining and chemical issues solving.It is easy for students to get lost in the complicated conceptual system because of the interwoven internal and external systems,which means to represent STC and to clarify different systems’interaction by employing Systems-Oriented Concept Map Extension(SOCME),Object-Process Methodology(OPM),Behavior Over Time Graphs(BOTG),Causal Loop Diagrams(CLD),Stock and Flow Diagrams(SFD),and other graphical tools.Based on the STC connotation,it can be used to cultivate chemistry learners’STC and reform education practices by carrying out the teaching reform of"chemical equilibrium",exploring green chemistry course construction,and conducting game-based learning,service learning,deep learning,project-based learning,workshops or seminars.The key to further develop STC teaching practice is the transverse correlations between chemistry system and other disciplinary systems,and the lengthways analytic relationships within chemical subsystems.Therefore,in order to carry out STC teaching practice and improve the development of students’STC,chemistry practitioners need to work with other subject researchers and educators,to focus on the social application of chemical knowledge,to grasp the essence and characteristics of chemistry,and then to build up interlaced multi-system influence relation around chemical concepts and social issues.