汉语双字词句知觉广度的眼动研究

The Perceptual Span for Two-character Compound-word Sentence in Chinese:An Eye Movement Study

阅读知觉广度通常指阅读者在阅读文本过程中每次注视能获取有用视觉信息的范围。既往的汉语知觉广度的研究一般把单字作为基本的知觉呈现单元,但在某些呈现条件下,此类呈现方式会导致阅读过程中的语义加工的完整性被破坏。本研究采用眼动追踪技术,使用移动窗口范式和中央凹掩蔽范式,使用双字词句作为阅读材料,双字词作为基本的知觉呈现单元,探讨在保证知觉呈现单元语义完整性的基础上大学生的汉语阅读知觉广度。实验一采用移动窗口范式,结果发现,知觉广度范围为注视词左侧1个双字词及右侧1-2个双字词的空间。实验二采用中央凹掩蔽范式,结果验证了实验一的研究结果。该结果表明,在汉语阅读过程中,以双字词为基本的视觉呈现单元,较既往研究中单字为基本呈现单元的情况,更好地保证了阅读中语义的完整性,从而获得了更大的知觉范围。该结果建立于视觉呈现单元的语义完整性的基础上,是对现有的汉语阅读知觉广度理论的完善和扩展。

How much information can be acquired during a fixation in reading is one of the most fundamental issues of eye movement control in reading.This refers to the perceptual span,which is the size of effective vision during a fixation in reading.In order to ensure the semantic integrity of visual presentation materials,the present research was conducted by using the moving window paradigm and fovea-masking paradigm to examine the size of the perceptual span during the reading of two-character compound-word Sentence in Chinese.Sixty-four sentences were selected as materials in two experiments.Twenty college students’eye movements were recorded with a SR Research Eyelink eye tracker and 5 viewing conditions(R0、R1、R2、L1R2 and whole line)were set to examine the perceptual span of college students during the reading of two-character Sentence in Chinese In experiment 1.Similarly,24 college students’eye movements were recorded with a SR Research Eyelink eye tracker and 6 masking conditions(R0、R1、R2、R3、L1R3 and whole line)were set to verify the perceptual span of college students during the reading of two-character Sentence in Chinese In experiment 2.Two experiments are consistently support that the perceptual span of the undergraduate students in reading two-character Sentence in Chinese extended from one word to its left to one word or two words to its right.The results show that in Chinese reading process,the two-character compound-word as the basic visual presentation unit design better ensure the integrity of the reading semantics,thus gaining a greater range of perception.as compared to character as the basic unit of the present situation.