天然多糖基可注射水凝胶在组织工程中的研究进展

Progress in Natural Polysaccharide-Based Injectable Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering

组织工程技术是帮助人类器官或组织进行修复的重要手段。水凝胶材料具有与人体组织相似的三维多孔网状结构,是组织工程中的优选材料。可注射水凝胶能够以微创手段植入人体,可以填充不规则缺损、降低手术风险并提升操作便捷性。天然多糖基可注射水凝胶具备优异的生物相容性及生物降解性,非常适合用作医用植入材料。近年来,基于天然多糖材料的可注射水凝胶引发广泛关注,研究者针对其制备方法及其在组织工程领域的应用开展了大量工作并取得长足进展。介绍了天然多糖基可注射水凝胶的几类典型多糖聚合物原料,阐述了可注射水凝胶的设计机理,并总结了此类水凝胶在强度提升、生物打印两大方向的功能化研究成果。在此基础上,对天然多糖基可注射水凝胶的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Tissue engineering technology is a vital method to develop biological substitutes that restore damaged tissues.The porous networks of hydrogels with resemblance to human tissues make them promising candidates for tissue engineering.Injectable hydrogels with ease of handling and complete filling of irregular defects can be implanted in bodies through minimally invasive surgical procedures,which reduces administration risks effectively.Natural polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels are especially attractive as medical implanting biomaterials due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.In recent years,injectable hydrogels based on natural polysaccharide materials have been paid much attention.The fabrication methods and applications in tissue engineering of natural polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels have been widely studied.This review summarized typical natural polysaccharide materials and crosslinking mechanisms of natural polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels.Meanwhile,the progress of functionality in high-strength and 3D bioprinting was reviewed.Finally,future challenges and perspectives of natural polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels in tissue engineering were proposed.