尼勒克县不同草地类草原5年载畜量的变化及经济效益分析

Analysis on Stocking Capacity and Economic Benefit of Different Grassland Types for 5 Years in Nilka County

以野外地面调查和室内分析相结合,对2016至2020年5年间新疆尼勒克县内8个草地类草地的地上生物量、载畜量和经济效益进行分析,探讨不同草地类草地的合理载畜量和经济价值,为实现草畜平衡提供技术支撑。结果表明:尼勒克县8个草地类草地的合理载畜量差异大,温性草甸草原类、山地草甸类和低地草甸类草地的鲜草产量、合理载畜量居于前列,载畜能力强;温性荒漠草原类和温性荒漠类草地的鲜草产量、合理载畜量低,载畜能力弱。山地草甸类草地的载畜量高、面积大,产生的经济效益最高。温性荒漠草原类、温性荒漠类草地载畜能力弱、经济效益低,但生态价值大,且破坏后修复难度大,建议通过发展人工草地进行土地置换,减少利用以促进其生态功能提高。

This study took the samples from the field investigation and analyzed them in the laboratory.The five year’s aboveground biomass,stocking capacity and economic benefits of the eight grassland types Nilka from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed,the reasonable stocking capacity and economic value of different grassland types were discussed,to provide technological knowledge for the balance of livestock.The results showed as follows:there was a great difference in the reasonable stocking capacity of the eight grassland types Nilka,the fresh grass yield and reasonable stocking capacity of temperate meadow grassland,mountain meadow grassland and lowland meadow grassland were in the forefront,and the stocking capacity was strong;The fresh grass yield and reasonable carrying capacity of temperate desert steppe and temperate desert were low.The carrying capacity,area of the mountain meadow grassland was high,and the economic benefit was the highest.The stocking capacity of the temperate desert steppe and temperate desert were weak,and the economic benefit was low,however the ecological value was great,and it was difficult to repair after destruction,suggested that develop artificial grassland for land replacement,and reduce its utilization to improve the ecological function.