活性氧参与调控植物生长发育和胁迫应激响应机理的研究进展

Research progress of reactive oxygen species involved in regulating plant growth and development and the mechanisms of stress response

复杂多变的自然环境使植物进化出复杂而又巧妙的机制来感知外部信号,并对外部环境的变化做出适应性调整。在这种信号整合和决策过程中起关键作用的一类物质是活性氧(ROS)。细胞内、外产生的ROS与Ca2+和电信号相互偶联组成的ROS波,向“友邻细胞”或远端细胞进行快速信号转导,进而伴随着多种信号组分共同完成应激响应表达。而ROS的产生与清除平衡关系决定了ROS在植物生长发育、器官发生和抗逆方面的作用。系统结并讨论了ROS的产生来源、信号传导机制、响应表达及ROS引起的细胞程序性死亡的最新研究进展。为深入了解ROS激活相关基因的表达,进而研究触发信号转导通路,使植物积极、高效地应对各种内在或外源的刺激信号,以调控植物的生长发育或适应胁迫环境,提供新的观点和见解。

Plants are subjected to various environmental stresses throughout their life cycle.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)play important roles in maintaining normal plant growth and improving their tolerance to stress.The ROS would be combined with calcium signals and electrical signals to form ROS wave.The ROS wave as a dynamic process that occurs within cells between different organelles,as well as between cells over long distances,which is an important signature not only for the local immune response but also for cell-to-cell communication.More importantly,plants integrate the ROS with external signals to promote development and environmental adaptation.It shows that ROS production and removal played a key role in plants of growth and development,organogenesis,and abiotic stress responses.This review also describes the source of ROS,function of ROS signal transduction,expression of stress response in plants and programmed cell death by ROS,and summarizes recent progress are discussed.The aim is to provide new insights about the ROS that plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and acts as signals in cells that activate a number of different defense mechanisms to make plants actively respond to various internal or exogenous stimulus signals,finally contributing to make plants adapt to stress environment.