体外法评价益生菌对猪饲料中三种大宗原料干物质消化率的影响

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Probiotics on the Dry Matter Digestibility of Three Bulk Raw Materials in Pig Feed

为了探讨益生菌(枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌及二者的复合菌)对三种大宗饲料原料(玉米、麦麸、豆粕)干物质消化率的影响,试验采用单因子试验设计,将每种饲料原料分为四组,即对照组、枯草芽孢杆菌组、嗜酸乳杆菌组和复合菌组,分别为不添加益生菌,添加枯草芽孢杆菌1 mL、嗜酸乳杆菌1 mL、枯草芽孢杆菌0.5 mL+嗜酸乳杆菌0.5 mL,采用三角瓶体外酶解法模拟猪消化系统进行发酵试验,测定分析三种大宗原料的干物质消化率。结果表明:加入益生菌后玉米的干物质消化率均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);加入枯草芽孢杆菌及其与嗜酸乳杆菌的复合菌后麦麸的干物质消化率无显著差异(P>0.05),且两组间无显著差异(P>0.05);加入枯草芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌后豆粕的干物质消化率极显著降低或升高(P<0.01),加入复合益生菌无显著变化(P>0.05)。说明加入枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌及两者复合菌对玉米干物质消化率均有显著促进作用,对麦麸干物质消化率均无促进作用,加入嗜酸乳杆菌对豆粕干物质消化率具有促进作用,加入枯草芽孢杆菌无促进作用。

In order to explore the influence of probiotics(Bacillus subtilis,Lactobacillus acidophilus and their compound bacteria)on the dry matter digestibility of three bulk feed ingredients(corn,wheat bran and bean pulp),the experiment adopted a single-factor test design.The feed ingredients were divided into four groups,namely the control group,Bacillus subtilis group,Lactobacillus acidophilus group and compound bacteria group.The control group did not add probiotics,the Bacillus subtilis group added 1 mL of Bacillus subtilis,the Lactobacillus acidophilus group added 1 mL of Lactobacillus acidophilus,and the compound bacteria group added 0.5 mL of Bacillus subtilis+0.5 mL of Lactobacillus acidophilus.In vitro enzymolysis approach in a triangular flask was used to simulate the digestive system of pigs for fermentation experiments,and the dry matter digestibility of the three bulk raw materials was determined and analyzed.The results showed that the dry matter digestibility of corn after the addition of probiotics was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01);there was no significant difference in the dry matter digestibility of wheat bran after adding Bacillus subtilis and compound bacteria(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in each group(P>0.05);After adding Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus,the dry matter digestibility of bean pulp was extremely significantly reduced or upgraded(P<0.01),adding compound probiotics,there was no significant change(P>0.05).It showed that the addition of Bacillus subtilis,Lactobacillus acidophilus,and the combination of the two bacteria had a significant effect on the digestibility of corn dry matter,but had no effect on the digestibility of wheat bran dry matter.The addition of Lactobacillus acidophilus could promote the digestibility of bean pulp dry matter,but the addition of Bacillus subtilis had no promoting effect.