2018—2019年陕西省某三甲医院ICU医院感染调查分析

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection in ICU of a third-class A hospital in Shaanxi province from 2018 to 2019

目的了解2018—2019年陕西省某三甲医院重症监护病房(ICU)患者医院感染发生情况,为ICU医院感染防控提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析1246例ICU患者的临床资料,分析ICU患者的性别、年龄、ICU住院时间、医院感染部位、病原菌构成等情况。结果该医院1246例ICU患者,发生医院感染116例,医院感染率为9.31%。2019年ICU患者的医院感染率及感染例次率均低于2018年(P<0.05)。ICU男性患者的医院感染率高于女性患者(P<0.05)。81~100岁患者的医院感染率为24.48%,高于其他年龄段患者(P<0.05)。不同年龄段、不同ICU住院时间患者的医院感染率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ICU患者医院感染部位主要为呼吸道感染,感染病原菌前三位依次为鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。结论2018—2019年该医院ICU患者医院感染率较高,医院感染部位以呼吸道为主,医院应通过强化ICU易感患者的病情监测,严格控制患者ICU住院时间,进一步规范医护人员无菌操作等预防措施,降低医院感染率。

Objective To understand the incidence of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit(ICU)patients of a third-class A hospital in Shaanxi province from 2018 to 2019,and provide reference for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in ICU.Methods The clinical data of 1246 ICU patients were analyzed retrospectively.The gender,age,ICU hospitalization time,nosocomial infection site and pathogenic bacteria composition of ICU patients were analyzed.Results There were 116 cases of nosocomial infection in 1246 ICU patients in the hospital,and the nosocomial infection rate was 9.31%.The nosocomial infection rate and nosocomial infection case rate of ICU patients in 2019 were lower than those in 2018(P<0.05).The nosocomial infection rate of male patients in ICU was higher than that of female patients(P<0.05).The nosocomial infection rate of 81-100 years old patients was 24.48%,which was higher than that of other age group(P<0.05).The difference of nosocomial infection rate among patients of different ages and different ICU hospitalization time were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nosocomial infection sites of ICU patients was respiratory tract infection,and the first three pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Conclusion From 2018 to 2019,the nosocomial infection rate of ICU patients in the hospital is high,and the main site of nosocomial infection is respiratory tract.The hospital should strengthen the condition monitoring of ICU susceptible patients,strictly control the ICU hospitalization time of patients,further standardize the aseptic operation of medical staff and other preventive measures to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.