中学化学实验素养体系及其发展研究

A Study on the Chemistry Experiment Competency System in Middle School and Its Development

中学化学实验素养是学生在分析解决化学实验问题以及完成实验活动时所表现出来的必备品格和关键能力。中华人民共和国成立以来,我国中学化学实验素养的内涵结构不断演进,化学实验素养的内容体系在教材设计中不断得到科学优化。新时期化学实验教学改革需科学建构中学化学实验素养的内涵结构,进一步加强实验素养的内容设计和评价机制,提高中学化学教师的实验教学能力,以全面深化化学实验教学培养学生科学素养的功能。

Chemistry experiment competency in middle school is the essential character and key ability that students show when analyzing and solving chemistry experiment problems and completing experiment activities.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the connotation structure of chemistry experiment competency has continued to evolve,from pure skill training to comprehensive practical activities of scientific inquiry,from focusing on observation and analysis capabilities to infiltrating the innovative design of high-level chemistry thinking,from training-based experimental habits to developing a scientific attitude and spirit.The content system of chemical experiment competency has been continuously optimized scientifically in the textbook design.The reform of chemistry experiments in the new era needs to scientifically construct the connotation structure of middle school chemistry experiment competency,further strengthen the content design and evaluation mechanism of experiment competency,improve the experiment teaching ability of middle school chemistry teachers,thus to comprehensively deepen chemistry experiment teaching,cultivate students’experiment competency,and develop students’subject core competency.