疱疹样皮炎的研究进展

Dermatitis herpetiformis

疱疹样皮炎是一种与乳糜泻相关的自身免疫性大疱病,多发于携带HLA?DQ2或HLA?DQ8等位基因的高加索人。研究表明,疱疹性皮炎患者血清中存在多种针对转谷氨酰胺酶等抗原的抗体,表皮型转谷氨酰胺酶是其自身抗原。疱疹样皮炎的发病除与遗传和麦胶敏感有关外,还可能与肠道菌群微生态失衡有关。无麦胶饮食和氨苯砜仍然是疱疹样皮炎的主要治疗手段。本文从流行病学、发病机制、临床表现、实验室检查、诊断及治疗等方面对疱疹样皮炎进行总结。

Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune bullous disease associated with celiac disease,which occurs mostly in Caucasians carrying HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 alleles.Studies have shown a variety of antibodies against transglutaminase and other antigens in the serum of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis,and epidermal transglutaminase is an autoantigen.The occurrence of dermatitis herpetiformis is not only associated with genetics and gluten sensitivity,but may also be related to the imbalance of intestinal microbiome.Gluten-free diet and dapsone are still the main therapies for dermatitis herpetiformis.This review summarizes epidemiological features,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis.