基于飞机壁板特征的扫描路径生成方法研究

Scanning Path Generation Based on Aircraft Panel Features

为解决航空制造业数字化测量过程中复杂零部件不能完整测量的问题,提出了一种基于特征识别的飞机零部件扫描路径生成方法。对于一个飞机零部件的数字模型,本文的目标是对其中存在的槽特征、筋特征给出若干条扫描路径,使持有扫描仪的机械臂能沿此路径对该零部件的各类特征进行完整精细地扫描。本文采用区域分割的方法对各类特征进行分割和提取。考虑到槽、筋等特征中不易被扫描到的区域均为和扫描方向近似垂直特征面,在对模型进行区域分割之后,将这些特征面进行提取,作为后续处理的基础。扫描路径的规划主要是通过分析提取出的特征面来进行的:将每个特征面投影到一个二维平面内,并在二维空间内对该特征面生成一条合适的扫描路径,将该路径投影返回三维后,对其沿着一定角度进行偏置,得到了最终的三维扫描路径。实验结果显示,本文提出的方法能够准确地生成飞机零部件数字模型的扫描路径,适用于航空制造业的实际数字化测量过程。

In the aviation manufacturing industry,complex aircraft components can hardly be completely measured in the digital measurement process.This paper proposes a scanning path generation method based on feature recognition.For the digital model of an aircraft component,based on its slot and rib features,we aim at providing several scanning paths for the scanner holder,i.e.,a robotic arm,to finely and completely scan features.We segment and extract the surfaces of aircraft components into parts based on the region segmentation method.Considering that the surfaces of hard-to-scan areas,i.e.,slots and ribs,are usually approximately perpendicular to the scanning direction,the parts that satisfy the perpendicular criterion are gathered as a basis for subsequent processing among the surface of parts after segmentation.By analyzing the extracted features of these surfaces,we plan the scan path as follow:Each surface is projected into a two-dimensional plane,and a suitable scanning path is generated;After projecting the path back into three dimensions,it is adjusted along a specific angle to generate the final scanning path.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately generate the scanning path,which is practical for digital measurement in the aviation manufacturing industry.