富砷湖滨湿地底泥细菌群落结构及多样性对水位变化的响应

Response of bacterial community structure and diversity in sediment of arsenic-rich lakeside wetland to water level change

为探究富砷底质下高原湖滨湿地底泥微生物群落对水位变化的响应特征,本研究以室内模拟实验的方式,探讨不同水位条件对富砷湖滨湿地底泥细菌群落结构及多样性的影响。结果表明,细菌丰度、多样性与水位高低具有显著相关性,细菌丰度由多到少排序为:高水位>中水位>无水位,即水位越高,细菌丰度越高,细菌群落多样性则表现为高水位条件下较高;在细菌群落结构中,门水平分类上的5种优势细菌分别为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门和酸杆菌门,各优势菌门对水位条件的响应表现出多样性的特征;纲水平分类上,γ-变形菌纲为优势菌纲,其在不同水位条件下的变化趋势同变形菌门完全一致;在不同水位条件下,总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、土壤有机碳(SOC)以及硝氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)含量对底泥中细菌群落的影响显著,其中,总氮(TN)、土壤有机碳(SOC)、硝氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)对细菌优势群落影响最为显著且呈现出多样性的特征。水位条件对富砷湖滨湿地底泥中细菌群落结构及多样性具有显著影响,该结果可用于进一步发掘细菌群落与环境之间的潜在关系,为高原湖滨湿地的污染防控和治理提供科学依据。

To investigate the response of microbial communities to water level change in the arsenic-rich sediments of plateau lakeside wetlands,we discussed the effects of different water levels on bacterial community and diversity in the sediment of arsenic-rich lakeside wetland by indoor simulation experiment.The results show that,The abundance and diversity of bacteria were significantly correlated with the water level,the order of bacterial abundance was as follows:The order of bacterial abundance under different water levels was as follows:no water level>mid water level>high water level,that was,the higher the water level,the higher the bacterial abundance,and the diversity of bacterial community was higher under high water level;In the bacterial community structure,the five dominant bacteria on the phylum level classification were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Bacteroides and Acidobacteria,the response of each dominant bacteria phyla to different water levels showed diverse characteristics at the phylum level classification;At the level of class classification,γ-Proteobacteria was the dominant bacteria,and its change trend under different water levels was completely consistent with that of Proteobacteria;Under different water levels,the contents of TN,SOC,TP and NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N had significant effects on the bacterial community in the sediment.Among them,TN and SOC,NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N had the most significant effect on the bacterial community and showed the characteristics of diversity.This paper shows that different water levels have a significant impact on the bacterial community structure and diversity in the sediments of arsenic-rich lakeside wetlands.The results can be used to further explore the potential relationship between the bacterial community and the environment,and provide scientific basis for pollution prevention and control of plateau lakeside wetland.