2017-2019年川北医学院新生军训常见疾病分析

Analysis of common diseases in freshman military training in North Sichuan Medical College from 2017 to 2019

目的了解2017—2019年川北医学院大一新生军训期间就诊疾病情况,以便制定有效防治措施。方法对2017—2019年大一新生军训期间就诊情况(时间、性别、年龄、诊断等)进行统计分析。结果2017—2019年12090名新生军训14 d,患病2933人次,患病率24.26%。其中,最常见的是呼吸道疾病(10.22%),消化系统疾病(4.16%),运动损伤(3.52%),其次是皮肤病、中暑、痛经等;男女学生诊断疾病构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3年来,学生就诊均在第5天达到顶峰,对新生进行健康教育后,就诊人次数明显减少。结论大学新生常见的疾病种类很多(感冒、胃炎、扭伤等);新生由于环境、饮食和军事训练的变化而消耗大量体力,并且容易患上呼吸道、消化系统和创伤等疾病;相关部门健康宣教,学生提高自我保护和保健意识,教练合理安排军事训练强度,能有效减少新生军训期间患病。

Objective To understand the medical conditions of the freshmen during the military training in NorthSichuan Medical College in the past three years(2017-2019)in order to formulate effective prevention and treatment mea-sures.Methods The status of students visiting doctors(time,gender,age,diagnosis,etc.)were investigated and analyzedstatistically during the military training of freshmen from 2017 to 2019.Results From 2017 to 2019,12090 freshmen weretrained for 14 days,and 2433 were sick,and the prevalence rate was 24.26%.The most common diseases were respiratorydiseases(10.22%),digestive diseases(4.16%),sport injuries(3.52%),followed by skin diseases,heat stroke,and dysmenor-rheal.There was a statistically significant difference in the constituent ratio of diseases between boys and girls(P<0.05).For3 years,student consultations peaked on the 5 th day.After the health education for new students,the number of visits de-creased significantly.Conclusion There are many types of common diseases among the freshmen(cold,gastritis,sprain,etc.).Freshmen consume a lot of physical energy due to the changes in the environment,diet and military training,and areprone to suffer from diseases of the respiratory tract,digestive system and trauma.The health education by related depart-ments,students improving self-protection and health awareness,and the reasonable arrangement of military training bycoaches can effectively reduce the sick during freshman military training.