江西省生态公益林典型林分生态效益的综合评价

Comprehensive Assessment on Ecological Benefits of Typical Non-Commercial Forest Types in Jiangxi Province

为合理评价江西省生态公益林典型林分的生态效益,在对不同林分的结构指标和功能指标测定的基础上,采用层次分析法建立了林分生态效益的层次结构模型,并用综合评分法对8种不同典型林分进行了评价。结果表明:混交林在森林生态系统稳定性、林木积累营养物质、固碳释氧等方面最优,硬阔林在水源涵养功能方面最优,竹林在固土保肥、生物多样性方面最优,杉木林在净化大气功能方面最优;典型林分生态效益综合评价结果为:混交林(1.0711)>硬阔林(1.0673)>软阔林(1.0080)>杉木林(0.9974)>竹林(0.9972)>马尾松林(0.9680)>国外松林(0.9661)>灌木林(0.9617),说明混交林和阔叶林的生态效益优于其他林分类型,其排序结果将为生态公益林差异化补偿提供数据支撑和理论参考,并建议在今后生态公益林建设管理中,加大对混交林和阔叶林的保护力度,对针叶纯林进行补植改造,提升全省生态公益林的生态效益。

To evaluate the ecological benefits of typical non-commercial forest types,the method of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was applied to establish the ecological benefits hierarchy function model of the eight forest type,and integrative grades were carried out to evaluate the difference of ecological benefits of the different forest types.The results showed that:The mixed forest had the best forest eco-system stability,nutrition matter accumulation and carbon fixing and oxygen releasing function;the hard broadleaved forest had the best water conservation function;the Phyllostachys edulis forest showed best in soil fixing and fertilizer protecting and ecological diversity;the Cunninghamia lanceolata forest had the best atmosphere purification function.The integrative evaluation was mixed forest(1.0711)>hard broadleaved forest(1.0673)>soft broadleaved forest(1.0080)>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest(0.9974)>bamboo forest(0.9972)>Pinus massoniana forest(0.9680)>Pinus elliottii forest(0.9961)>shrub(0.9617).Overall,the ecological benefits of mixed forest and broadleaved forest were superior to other forests.The result would provide data supporting and theoretical reference for the differential compensation of non-commercial forest.Therefore,we are looking forward to protecting the mixed forest and the broadleaved forest,and converting the stand structure from coniferous plantation to mixed forest by transformation,then promoting the ecological benefits of the non-commercial forest.