社区绿地空间使用效率综合影响因素研究

Research on Comprehensive Influencing Factors of Community Green Space Use Efficiency

社区绿地空间建设对美化生活环境、增强邻里关系起着非常重要的作用。本研究以北京市回龙观社区为例,综合实地调研与网络开放数据,应用空间句法模型分析关联性空间影响因素和局部影响因素对社区绿地空间使用效率的影响,目的在于促进邻里交往,优化社区绿地空间布局。结果表明:1)小尺度范围的空间拓扑可达性和座椅、健身器械等基础设施的分布数量均与社区绿地空间使用效率有正相关关系。2)相较于社区绿地空间样本总量和居住小区绿地的相关性分析结果,公园绿地的使用效率对座椅、健身器械等基础设施的分布数量依赖最为明显。3)基于多元回归分析结果,得出社区绿地空间使用效率主要受座椅设施分布数量和小尺度空间拓扑可达性的综合影响。通过对比,研究发现绿地硬化铺装面积、基础设施数量等局部影响因素对绿地使用效率影响最为直接但不稳定,受社区类型和不同季节影响差异较大,而以小尺度空间拓扑可达性为代表的关联性空间影响因素对绿地使用效率影响稳定。

The construction of community green space plays a very important role in beautifying the living environment and strengthening the neighborhood relationship.Taking Beijing Huilongguan Community as an example,this research applies comprehensive field surveys,open data available on the Web,and space syntax models to analyze the impacts of related space influencing factors and local influencing factors on the use efficiency of community green space.The purpose is to promote neighborhood communication and optimize the spatial layout of community green space.The results show that:1)The small-scale spatial topological accessibility and the distribution of seats,fitness equipment and other infrastructures have positive correlations with the use efficiency of community green space.2)Compared with the results of the correlation analysis of the total number of community green space samples and residential green space,the use efficiency of park green space is most dependent on the distribution of seats,fitness equipment and other infrastructures.3)Based on the results of multiple regression analysis,it concludes that the use efficiency of community green space is mainly affected by the number of seats and the small-scale spatial topological accessibility.By comparison,it finds that local influencing factors such as the hardened paving area of green space and the number of infrastructures have the most direct yet unstable impacts on the use efficiency of green space.The impacts of community types and seasons vary greatly.However,the related space factors represented by the small-scale spatial topological accessibility have a stable impact on the use efficiency of green space.