miR-132在心脏疾病中的研究进展

Research Progress on the Role of miR-132 in Heart Disease

微RNA(miRNA)是一类通过结合目标mRNA 3′非编码区,抑制目标mRNA翻译或促进其降解的单链非编码小分子RNA,其功能在进化上相对保守。miR-132在人类基因组中位于第17号染色体p13.3基因间区,表达受环腺苷酸反应元件结合子的调控。miR-132不仅在神经发育和神经疾病中发挥重要作用,也广泛参与心肌梗死、心力衰竭及心脏重构等心血管疾病的发生发展。鉴于miR-132靶点的非特异性,其对心脏的作用较为复杂,其能够增强心肌细胞的抗凋亡能力,保护心肌细胞免受氧化应激损伤;同时具有促血管再生的功能,改善心肌缺血。目前miR-132在促心肌肥厚、抑制心脏纤维化等方面的作用仍存在争议,有待进一步研究。

MicroRNA(miRNA)is a class of single-stranded non-coding small molecule RNA that inhibit target mRNA translation or promote its degradation by binding target mRNA 3′non-coding regions,and its functions are relatively conserved in evolution.In human genomes,miR-132 is located in the intergenic region of p13.3 on chromosome 17,and its expression is regulated by cyclic AMP responsive element-binding protein.MiR-132 not only plays an important role in neurodevelopment and neurological diseases,but also extensively involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases,such as myocardial infarction,heart failure and cardiac remodeling.Due to the non-specificity of miR-132 targets,its effect on the heart is relatively complex.It is currently believed that miR-132 can enhance the anti-apoptotic ability of cardiomyocytes and protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress injury.What′s more,it has the function of promoting angiogenesis and improving the situation of myocardial ischemia.However,its role in promoting cardiac hypertrophy and inhibiting cardiac fibrosis is still controversial and needs more detailed researches.