长链非编码RNA表达失调在糖尿病肾病发病机制中的研究进展

Research Progress of Long Non-coding RNA Expression Imbalance in Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy

糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病最常见和严重的微血管并发症,其发病机制复杂,疾病进展迅速,最终导致不可逆的肾衰竭。DN防治一直是世界性难题,西医常规治疗包括饮食、运动等生活方式管理和严格的血糖、血压控制,但疗效十分有限,虽然有钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂等新药不断出现,但并不能有效阻止DN的进展。近年来,长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)异常表达在DN进展中的重要作用已被证实,且在炎症反应、氧化应激、上皮-间充质转化、细胞增殖和纤维化、细胞凋亡及自噬等环节参与该病发生,为DN的早期诊断和靶向治疗提供了可能。未来,应对lncRNA进行深入研究,以期为寻找新的DN诊断标志物与治疗靶点提供新思路。

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is the most common and serious microvascular complication of diabetes.Its pathogenesis is complex and the disease progresses rapidly,which eventually leads to irreversible renal failure.The prevention and treatment of DN has always been a worldwide problem.The routine treatment of western medicine includes diet,exercise and other lifestyle management and strict blood glucose and blood pressure control,but the curative effect is very limited.Although new drugs such as sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors continue to appear,they cannot effectively prevent the progress of DN.In recent years,the abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)has been confirmed to play an important role in the progression of DN.LncRNA is involved in the onset of the disease through multiple links including inflammation,oxidative stress,epithelial mesenchymal transition,cell proliferation and fibrosis,apoptosis and autophagy,which provides the possibility for the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of DN.In the future,lncRNA should be further studied in order to find new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for DN.