中国近代音乐学习法史料概论

An Introduction to Historical Materials of Music Learning Methods in the History of Modern Chinese Music

近代以来,随着欧美教育理论的传入,中国的音乐教育家们开始了音乐学习法的探索性研究,他们在总结自身教育经验的基础上,将音乐学习法归纳为音乐基础知识、音乐基本技能、音乐欣赏、乐学、读谱知识等不同内容的学习方法,认为音乐学习就是音乐技能学习,且占大多数。总体看,这一时期音乐学习法的探索带有一定感性特征,是音乐教育家们在其学习音乐或教学过程中总结出来的学习经验,没有上升到学习理论的高度。而且这些特殊历史背景下产生的音乐学习法研究成果还发挥着普及音乐知识和提高学生音乐自学能力的功能。但是,相对于学生服从于教材、教师的传统教育理念,这种从学习者的角度探索音乐学习规律的做法无疑具有一定进步意义,对于推动中国近代音乐教育教学改革也具有积极作用。

In modern times,with the introduction of educational theories from European and American countries,Chinese music educators have begun exploratory research on music learning methods.Based on their own educational experience,they have summarized music learning methods as the basis of music knowledge,basic music skills,music appreciation,music study,knowledge of notation reading and other different content learning methods,and the majority of them think that music learning is music skills learning.Generally speaking,the exploration of music learning methods in this period has certain perceptual characteristics.It is the learning experience summed up by music educators in the process of learning music or teaching,and it has not risen to the height of learning theory.Moreover,the research results of music learning methods produced under these special historical backgrounds are also responsible for popularizing music knowledge and improving students'music self-study ability.However,compared to the traditional educational philosophy of students obeying teaching materials and teachers,this approach of exploring the laws of music learning from the perspective of learners undoubtedly has a certain progressive significance.It also plays a positive role in promoting the reform of modern Chinese music education and teaching.