英国玛丽女王天主教复辟悲剧的再认识

Recognition of the Tragedy of Queen Mary’s Catholic Restoration in England

都铎王朝是英国民族国家形成的重要阶段。自亨利八世到伊丽莎白一世,历经数十年的时间,英国在民族国家的浪潮中经历了轰轰烈烈的宗教改革运动,期间掀起了玛丽女王天主教复辟的闹剧。玛丽女王颁布系列法令,重回罗马教皇的怀抱,恢复了二元政体,阻碍英国经济独立发展,造成国家主权沦丧。玛丽女王与西班牙菲利浦联姻,不顾民意将英国拉上西法战车,同时在国内大势迫害异教徒,严重损害了英国民族国家的利益。玛丽女王没有尽到一位合格君主的责任,同时背离了民众的意愿,这是逆历史潮流而行,天主教复辟注定是一场悲剧。

Tudor dynasty is an important stage in the formation of the British nation-state.From Henry VIII to Elizabeth I,after decades of time,the British experienced a vigorous religious reform movement in the wave of the nation-state,during which a slapstick of the Queen Mary’s Catholic restoration was launched.Queen Mary issued a series of decree to return to the embrace of the Pope,restored the dual government,hindered the independent development of the British economy,and caused the loss of national sovereignty.Queen Mary’s marriage to Philip of Spain brought Britain into the chariot of western France regardless of public opinion.At the same time,she persecuted the pagans at home,which seriously damaged the interests of the British nation-state.Queen Mary failed to fulfill her responsibility as a qualified monarch,while at the same time deviating from the will of the people.This was against the trend of history and her Catholic restoration was doomed to be a tragedy.