径流式水电站弃能利用的制氢系统优化研究

Optimization of hydrogen production systems for energy curtailment utilization at run-of-river hydropower stations

基于我国水电站“弃水”弃电的严重现状,针对我国建设的无调节能力的径流式水电站,开展弃能利用的制氢系统优化研究。根据水电站的实际流量过程及机组运行特性,提出水电站弃能的计算方法,并构建“产”、“储”、“输”完整的集成运行控制与容量优化配置模型,并对氢气市场价格、年均氢气产量与水电站弃能制氢系统的经济效益关系进行敏感性分析。四川省沙坪二级水电站算例结果表明,液氢运输距离为500 km时,按照3.5元/Nm^(3)的氢气单价,制氢系统最优容量配置下,2019年弃电利用率为70.54%,氢气产量为2.09×10^(7) Nm^(3),全生命周期净现值为1.99亿元。本研究为解决清洁能源的电能利用问题提供了新路线,对促进我国进入氢经济时代有重要的意义。

Considering the serious situation of power curtailment by hydropower stations in China,this study examines the optimization of hydrogen production systems for utilizing energy curtailment at run-of-river hydropower stations of little reservoir regulation capacity.We develop a method for calculating the curtailment using the inflow hydrograph of a reservoir and the operation characteristics of its generating units,and constructs complete integrated operation control strategies and a capacity allocation optimization model for comprehensive consideration of production,storage and transport of water energy.And sensitivity analysis on the relationship of the annual average hydrogen production and hydrogen market price versus the economic benefit of the system is carried out.Example calculations of the ShapingⅡhydropower station in Sichuan show that when the transport distance of liquid hydrogen is 500 km and the hydrogen unit price is 3.5 yuan/Nm^(3),the curtailment utilization rate via a hydrogen production system of optimal capacity configuration in 2019 is 70.54%,bringing about a hydrogen production of 20.9 million Nm^(3) and a net present value of the whole life cycle of 199 million yuan.This study demonstrates a hydrogen production system could be a new approach to power curtailment problems,clean energy power utilization,and promotion of the hydrogen economy in China.