主客感知视角下的文化遗产功能价值评价研究——以苏州园林为例

Research on Residents′and Visitors′Perception Evaluation of Functional Value of Cultural Heritage——A Case Study Of Suzhou Gardens

以苏州园林为例,运用结构方程模型,从社群与游客双重视角探讨文化遗产功能价值构成、影响路径及评价差异。结果发现:①社群认为苏州园林功能效用受其功能内容、经营管理、功能传承的正向影响,而与园林载体条件呈负相关,功能布局仅取决于经营管理水平;社群认为园林功能价值与其建造年代和活化方式有关,对非文保单位满意度不高。②游客认为功能内容、功能布局与经营管理对苏州园林功能效用影响显著,而功能传承和载体条件的影响作用有限,园林功能布局取决于功能载体与经营管理情况;游客评价不受建造年代、功能用途、保护等级等因素的影响。基于研究结果,提出促进文化遗产活态保护、保障遗产社群利益共享、创新文化遗产管理模式、发挥遗产开发综合效益等建议。

Based on structural equation model,this paper explored the composition,impact path and evaluation differences of the functional value of Suzhou gardens from both residents′and tourists′perspectives.①The results showed that:There were differences in value evaluation from the perspective of residents and visitors′perception.Residents believed that the functional utility of Suzhou gardens was positively influenced by its functional content,management level and functional inheritance,but negatively related to the carrier conditions of gardens.However,function layout only depended on its management measures.They thought that the functional value of gardens were related to their history and utilization mode,and overall score of Suzhou garden functional value was lower to them,especially for non-official protection unit.②Visitors considered that the functional content,functional layout and management level had a significant impact on the evaluation of the functional utility of Suzhou gardens,while the impact of functional inheritance and gardening carrier conditions was small.The functional layout of gardens depended not only on the management,but also on their carriers.They scored higher on the functional value of Suzhou gardens generally,but the value evaluation was not affected by factors such as history,utilization mode,protection grade.This paper put forward the following suggestions such as promote the living heritage protection,ensuring benefit sharing of heritage community,innovate the management mode of cultural heritage,and giving full play of the comprehensive benefits of heritage utilization and innovation.