隧道发菌对双孢蘑菇菌丝生长及培养料降解的影响

Effects of Running Phase Ⅲ in a Tunnel on Agaricus bisporus Mycelial Growth and Compost Degradation

以传统菇房发菌料为对照,从菌丝生长及培养料降解角度研究了隧道发菌对双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)栽培的影响。结果表明:隧道发菌料的菌丝生长速度比菇房发菌料快13.6%,基因拷贝数是菇房发菌料的3.7倍;在菌丝生长阶段,隧道发菌料中的蛋白酶、漆酶、锰过氧化物酶、滤纸酶、酸性木聚糖酶活性显著提高,是菇房发菌料的1.2~3.0倍,隧道发菌料中半纤维素、纤维素、木质素利用率高于菇房发菌料,与酶活性结果一致;在子实体生长阶段,隧道和菇房发菌料的胞外酶活性及氮、木质纤维素的利用率均没有显著差异。

Production of Phase Ⅲ(spawn run) compost for growing Agaricus bisporus in China was traditionally carried out in a growing room. Using the traditional method as the control, running Phase Ⅲ was studied in a tunnel in terms its effects on biological activities of mycelia and compost degradation. The results showed that the Phase Ⅲ compost produced in the tunnel had a 13.6% increase in mycelial growth rate and a 270% increase in DNA copy number. During the mycelium growth stage, enzyme activities of protease , laccase, manganese peroxidase, FPase and acid xylanase of the compost incubated in the tunnel were 1.2-3.0 times of that of the control. Consistent with increased enzyme activities, degradation efficiencies of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in the compost incubated in the tunnel were higher than the control. During the fruiting body growth stage, there was no significant difference in extracellular enzyme activities or utilization efficiencies of nitrogen and lignocellulose between the two kinds of composts.