为了“民众”——新文化运动中的民粹思潮

“For the People”:Populist Trend during the New Culture Movement

新文化运动时期,民粹思潮兴起。具有民粹倾向的启蒙思想家倡导白话文体,主张平民文学,将创作的视角转向普通劳动者,对他们的辛苦劳作和艰难境遇给予关怀。中共早期知识群体在“劳工神圣”的理念下,对下层民众充满强烈的道德同情,号召在城市里读书的青年学生深入农村基层和工矿企业,加入劳工社团,和工农群众相结合。民粹思潮的兴起契合了20世纪中国社会革命与解放的宏大主题,但也出现了过于激进和浪漫、极端崇尚民众、无情否定知识分子等倾向。

Populist thoughts rose during the period of New Culture Movement.The enlightenment thinkers with populist tendency advocated vernacular style and civilian literature,turned their attention to the ordinary laborers,showing sympathy for their hard work and miserable living situation.Armed with the idea of“sacred labor”,the early intellectuals of the Communist Party of China expressed their moral sympathy for the lower class people and called for student youth in cities to go to the rural grassroots and industrial and mining enterprises,to join labor associations,and live with the masses of workers and peasants.The rise of populist trend of thought coincided with the general context of Chinese social revolution and liberation in the 20th century,but it had its negative sides,such as being too radical and romantic,extremely upholding the mass,mercilessly denying the intellectuals and so on.