翻译原型论的尺度

Boundary for Prototype Approach to Translation

基于对原型的不同界定,原型理论实则可分为原型样本范畴论和抽象图式范畴论,比起前者,后者具有更广的普适性和更大的包容性,对翻译范畴的有效建构有更大的作用。然而,原型的四大本质特征之一可拓展性,似乎使翻译原型论可以无限延伸,在评价翻译范畴时“重量失衡”。这时就需要引入建构主义译学观中的思想,把翻译原型论限定在一定的框架内,即在翻译的过程中,不仅要注重文本内的因素,也不能忽视文本外的因素,建立翻译的底线评判标准,使翻译原型论呈良性发展。

Owing to diverse definitions of the term "prototype", prototype theory can actually be categorized into two types: prototype theory of specific exemplar and prototype theory of abstract schema. Of these two, the latter is more constructive to the category of translation as it is more inclusive and universal. However, expansibility, as one of the essential features of prototype, seems to render prototype approach to translation unbounded, which is not so effective in assessing translation. Hence, it calls for stimulant from constructivist approach to translation so as to provide a frame to prototype approach to translation. In other words, neither the textual nor non-textual elements is to be neglected during the process of translation. Therefore, the minimal criterion for translation will be established and prototype approach to translation will be positioned in better development.