可再生能源制氢技术经济性评述及其在东盟地区应用评估

Review on the Economics of Hydrogen Production Technology from Renewable Energy and Its Application Evaluation in ASEAN

可再生能源电解制氢能够将波动性、间歇性的风能、光伏转化为氢能,使氢作为清洁、高效的能源载体,近年来逐渐受到重视,成为解决全球变暖、实现能源转型的关键技术之一。越来越多的世界主要经济体将制氢作为未来战略性能源技术,诸多大型企业也正在推动氢产业链的发展。从经济性角度,重点分析了可再生能源制氢在电网储能、小岛屿能源系统、燃料电池汽车等领域的研究进展,并回顾了当前国际上标志性的示范工程应用。根据成本评估模型,进一步探讨了东盟国家使用氢储存利用可再生能源的经济性和可行性。研究表明,氢能的运输和生产同为重要的成本驱动因素,在长时间储能场景已经具备一定的竞争力。最后,针对氢能发展面临的主要障碍,提出了相应政策建议。

Hydrogen production by electrolysis can convert fluctuating and intermittent renewable energy into hydrogen energy. Hydrogen, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, has attracted increasing attention and is one of the keys to solving global warming and realizing energy transition. An increasing number of major economies globally regard hydrogen energy as their future strategic energy technology, and numerous large enterprises are also promoting hydrogen-related industry development. This study reviewed research progress on hydrogen economics for renewable energy storage integrated in power grids, small island energy system applications, and fuel cell vehicles. This is followed by a critical review of major demonstration projects globally. Based on cost evaluation models, this study further explored the economics and feasibility of using hydrogen as renewable energy storage in ASEAN countries. Studies have shown that the transportation and production of hydrogen energy are both important cost drivers, and they may be competitive in long-term energy storage scenarios. Finally, in view of the primary obstacles facing hydrogen energy development, the corresponding policy recommendations were proposed.