气血是中医的主要指标

Qi and blood as main indicators of traditional Chinese medicine

继"气血新论"在《现代中医临床》发表后,气血的重要性越来越引起学界关注,但其在中医学中的地位还没有完全阐释清楚,需要进一步研究。指标是衡量观察目标时常用的方法,是现代医学界对健康与疾病状况的观察角度。中医学此前没有明确的指标概念。本文认为气血是中医核心理论的核心,是中医的主要观察指标和主要抓手,从以下4个方面进行阐释:分析气血与阴阳、五行、藏象、经络等中医核心理论的关系;阐释气血在望闻问切四诊中的地位;梳理气血状态在辨证中的体现,并从临床角度剖析调和气血为中医临床的主要抓手。气血分散在各个器官、各个部位,由多种小指标构成,医者借助不同感官收集出来,形成指标群。中医学现代化发展不能仅满足于对机体气血状态的描述,还需要借助现代科技手段对气血进行精准量化,以更好地服务于科研和临床。

With the "New Theory of Qi and Blood" published in "Modern Clinical Chinese Medicine", the importance of Qi and blood has attracted more and more attention in academic circles, but the status of Qi and blood in traditional Chinese medicine has not been fully explained and further research is needed. Indicators are commonly used methods for measuring and observing targets, and they are the angle of observation of health and disease in modern medicine. There has been no clear index concept in traditional Chinese medicine previously. This article holds that qi and blood are the core of the core theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and are the main observation indicators and main grasping methods of traditional Chinese medicine. This article attempts to explain this from the following four aspects. Firstly, the relationship between Qi, blood and the core theories of traditional Chinese medicine such as yin and yang, the five elements, visceral manifestation, meridian, etc. is analyzed.Secondly, the status of Qi and blood in the four diagnosis methods of observation, hearing, inquiry, and pulse-taking is explained. In addition, Qi and blood from a clinical perspective as the main focus of TCM clinical practice are analyzed. Qi and blood are scattered in various organs and parts, and are composed of a variety of small indicators. TCM practitioners use different senses to collect them to form indicator groups. The modernization of traditional Chinese medicine can not only be satisfied with the description of the body’s Qi and blood state, but also needs to use modern technologies to accurately quantify Qi and blood to better serve the scientific research and clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.