模板剂在反渗透膜制备中的应用及膜性能研究

Application of Template in Preparation of Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Study on Membrane Performance

研究了苯磺酸钠、四乙基氯化铵,β环糊精三种不同模板剂作为水相添加剂对反渗透复合膜性能及膜表面形貌的影响。实验发现添加一定量的模板剂有利于提高复合膜性能,在提高复合膜截留率的同时,水通量能提升近2倍。模板剂的结构影响膜性能,模板剂结构越对称,复合膜的性能越好。扫面电镜(SEM)显示随着模板剂含量的增加,膜表面形态从叶片状过渡到颗粒状。由添加模板剂所制备的复合膜具有优异的抗污染性能和耐氯性能,复合膜以100 mg/L牛血清蛋白+500 mg/L NaCl为进料液,1.05 MPa连续运行100 h后,复合膜仍然保持较高水通量;复合膜以100 mg/L有效活性氯+500 mg/L NaCl为进料液,在1.05 MPa连续运行40 h,仍然保持较高的水通量和截留率。模板剂的使用为今后高性能反渗透膜的制备指明了方向。

The effects of sodium benzenesulfonate, tetraethyl ammonium chloride and β-cyclodextrin as water phase additives on the properties and surface morphology of reverse osmosis composite membrane were studied. The results showed that the addition of a certain amount of template was beneficial to improve the performance of the composite membrane, and the water flux can be increased by nearly 2 times. The more symmetrical the structure of the template, the better the performance of the composite membrane. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that the morphology of the membrane changed from leaf like to granular with the increase of template content. The composite membrane still maintained a high water flux with 100 mg/L bovine serum albumin + 500 mg/L NaCl as feed solution and 1.05 MPa continuous operation for 100 h;Also the composite membrane still maintained high water flux and retention rate with 100 mg/L active chlorine + 500 mg/L NaCl as feed liquid running continuously for 40 h at 1.05 MPa,. The use of templates pointed out the direction for the preparation of high performance reverse osmosis membrane in the future.