外泌体在肾癌诊疗中的应用

Application of exosomes in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma

肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma,RCC)是肾脏最常见的恶性肿瘤,早期无明显的临床症状,发现时多已是晚期。外泌体(exosome)是机体正常细胞及癌细胞主动分泌的一种具有脂质双层膜结构的小囊泡,内含蛋白质、核酸、脂质等生物活性物质。对体液中外泌体的检测可以对RCC的早期诊断发挥重要作用。本文对外泌体在RCC诊疗中的作用做一综述。

Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney.There are no obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage,and it is mostly in the late stage when it is discovered.Exosomes are small vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane structure that are actively secreted by normal and cancer cells of the body and contain bioactive substances such as proteins,nucleic acids,and lipids.The detection of exosomes in body fluids can play an important role in the early diagnosis of RCC.This paper reviewed the role of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of RCC.