生态环境质量对旅游效率的影响——基于长江经济带的实证分析

The impact of eco-environment quality on tourism efficiency--An empirical analysis based on the Yangtze River Economic Belt

采用综合指数法测算2007—2016年长江经济带的生态环境质量指数及各维度得分,并基于产出导向的SBM模型测算长江经济带旅游综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,进一步采用多元线性回归模型从生态禀赋、环境污染和环境治理等3个维度探析生态环境质量对旅游效率的影响。研究发现:长江经济带的生态环境质量整体处于中等水平,生态禀赋和环境污染整体变化趋势不大,环境治理整体呈现出高效治理的趋势;长江经济带旅游综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的发展趋势存在差异,综合效率和纯技术效率整体呈现出先增长后降低的倒U型发展趋势,而规模效率则呈现出波动下降趋势;生态禀赋、环境污染和环境治理对长江经济带旅游效率的影响具有显著的区域差异。据此提出,应进一步强化生态禀赋的基础性作用、加强环境污染的综合防范治理和释放环境治理的正向外部效应等,以推进区域旅游高质量发展。

The comprehensive index method is used to calculate the eco-environmental quality index and the scores of various dimensions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016.And based on the output-oriented SBM model,comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are also calculated.Furthermore,the multiple linear regression model is applied to analyze the impact of eco-environmental quality on tourism efficiency from three dimensions,including ecological endowment,environmental pollution and environmental governance.The findings show that the overall eco-environmental quality of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is at a moderate level.Ecological endowment and environmental pollution sees little change.And the environmental governance is improved.There is a disparity in the development trend of comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The overall efficiency and pure technical efficiency show an inverted U-shaped development trend of increasing first and then decreasing,while the scale efficiency shows a fluctuating downward trend.The impact of ecological endowment,environmental pollution and environmental governance on tourism efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has significant regional heterogeneity.In order to promote the high-quality development of regional tourism,it is suggested that the fundamental role of ecological endowment should be further enhanced,the comprehensive prevention and governance of environmental pollution should be strengthened,and the positive external effects of environmental governance need to be released.