瞿菊农教育哲学思想刍论

Comments on Qu Junong’s Philosophy of Education

瞿菊农是我国20世纪重要的教育哲学家之一。他的教育哲学思想源于他对当时中国社会问题的关切,对西方哲学思想的借鉴,以及以中国传统哲学思想为基础的教育实践。他反对机械主义与个人主义,主张个人自由创造与社会和谐。瞿菊农教育哲学思想集中体现在三个核心概念之中:“变”,教育意义的核心在于一个“变”字,学生可变是教育的条件,教育就是要改变学生,要在学生“变”的方向和程度上下功夫;“自由”,瞿菊农通过研究西方教育思想史,认为历来教育哲学家的理想是自由,即教育的中心理想在于求自由;“人格实现”,瞿菊农说人格即“仁”,他认为西方的“自由”概念可能引发个人主义弊端,故而以中国古代哲学思想,尤其是孔子“仁”的学说予以补充和完善。

Qu Junong is one of the important philosophers of education in China in the 20th century.His philosophy of education mainly concerns about the Chinese social problems.He researched western philosophy and Chinese traditional philosophical thoughts to resolve the conflict in education practice and theory.He was opposed to mechanism and individualism,and advocated individual freedom and social harmony.Qu Junong’s philosophy of education is embodied in three core concepts.The first is“change”.The core significance of education is the word“change”.That’s to say,it is the condition of education that students can be changed,in addition,education is to change students.The second is“freedom”.Qu Junong studied the history of western educational thought,and he thought that the ideal of education is freedom.The third is“the realization of personality”.In Qu Junong’s opinion,personality is referred to“benevolence”.He thought the“freedom”from western could lead to individualism,so he took“benevolence”as supplementary.