桉树生态经营技术研究

Study on Ecological Management Technologies of Eucalypt

以桉树(Eucalyptus spp.)混交林和纯林为研究对象,集成树种选择和林分结构调控等定向培育技术,构建桉树速生丰产栽培技术体系。结果表明,混交可促进桉树生长,提高林分生物量,改善土壤理化性质,桉树×红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)混交林的营林效果最好。在不同间伐强度桉树纯林林下套种米老排(Mytilaria laosensis)、红椎和火力楠(Michelia macclurei),强度间伐处理下,桉树的生长和套种树种的蓄积量表现较好;改培后的混交林能有效缓解土壤酸化,提高土壤养分含量。在桉树大径材培育中,可采用强度间伐,间伐7年后林分的蓄积量比对照林分高出20.67%。

Taking eucalypt mixed forests and pure forests as objects,directed management technologies such as species selection and regulation and control of forest structure were used to build technology system of fast growth and high yield of eucalypt.Results showed that mixture could promote growths of eucalypt,increase forest biomass and improve soil physical and chemical properties.Mixed forest of eucalypt and Castanopsis hystrix had the best afforestation effect.When interplanting Mytilaria laosensis,C.hystrix and Michelia macclurei in eucalypt pure forest with different thinning intensities,growths of eucalypt and accumulations of interplanting species in high intensity thinning treatment were better.Mixed forests after cultivated could alleviate soil acidification effectively and improve contents of soil nutrients.When cultivating large-diameter timbers,high intensity thinning could be applied.After 7 years of high intensity thinning,accumulation of stand was 20.67%higher than control stand.