杏木结构特征分析

Analysis on Structure Properties of Armeniaca vulgaris Wood

为给杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)木的合理利用提供理论支持,利用生物数码显微镜对杏木的宏观和微观特征进行观察与分析。结果表明,杏木边材为黄红色至黄褐色,心材为红褐色和灰褐至带红的浅黄褐色;心、边材区别明显。环孔材;早材管孔宽1~3(稀4)列;晚材管孔为单管孔及径列复管孔(2~3个),少数呈管孔团,散生或斜列;单穿孔,穿孔板倾斜;管间纹孔式互列;未见侵填体;早材和晚材管孔螺纹加厚明显。木纤维壁薄,具缘纹孔较多。木射线非叠生,射线组织异形Ⅱ型,少数为Ⅲ型;单列射线高1~18个细胞或以上;多列射线宽2~8个(多数为2~6个)细胞,高8~64个细胞或以上。生长轮外缘具创伤树胶道。杏虽为进化树种,但保留了部分原始形状特点,说明杏的进化是不同步的。杏木的结构与生长环境相适应。

In order to provide theoretical support for rational utilization of Armeniaca vulgaris wood,macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of A.vulgaris wood were observed and analyzed by using biological digital mi⁃croscope.Results showed that sapwood was yellowish-red to yellowish brown,and heartwood was reddish brown and grayish brown to reddish yellowish brown.Difference was obvious between sapwood and heartwood.Wood was ring-porous.Width of early wood pores were 1-3(few 4)rank.Pores of late wood were solitary and radial multiple(2-3 cells)with few clusters,which were vessels in scattered or diagonal.Perforation plates were simple and gradient.Intervessel pitting was alternate.Vessels had not tylosis.Thickness of screw threads of early and late wood pores largened apparently.Walls of wood fibres were thin and had many bordered pits.Wood rays were not storied with types of heteromorphosisⅡand few heteromorphosisⅢ.Single rays were consisted of 1-18 cells or more.Multiseriate rays were width of 2-8 cells(mainly 2-6)and height of 8-64 cells or more.Outer edge of growth ring had traumatic gum canal.Although A.vulgaris was an evolutionary species,it retained some original shape characteristics,which showed that evolution of A.vulgaris was not synchronized.The structure of A.vulgaris wood was suitable for growing environment.