家园、航道与海疆意识:南海诗的特色流变及文化意蕴

Home,Waterway and Maritime Boundary Consciousness:the Changing Track and Cultural Implication of South China Sea Poems

南海一直是我国交通、贸易和军事的重要通道。历朝历代关涉南海的诗作是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产,在中国诗歌发展史上占有重要的地位。自汉至唐,南海作为家园、航道、港口、海疆入诗,出现了一系列与南海相关的专题诗作,奠定了南海诗创作的基础。宋元诗坛开启关注中国大陆与南海及其周边国家政治、经济、文化交流的写作传统,南海诗成为歌颂国家强大的文学范本,并被赋予国家统一的象征意涵。明清时期,动荡的国内环境和严峻的国际形势,促使海洋政策日趋保守,南海诗呈现忧患海疆安全与捍卫领海主权并存的新形态。历朝历代的南海诗不仅反映了中国人探索海洋、谋求幸福生活的艰辛过程,同时也展现出中华民族不屈不挠的精神气质,对于强化国家海疆意识有着非常重要的价值与意义。

The South China Sea has always been an important channel of our country′s transportation,trade,and the military.Poems concerning the South China Sea in the past dynasties are the precious inheritance of the Chinese treasure house and occupy an important position in the development history of Chinese poetics.From Han to Tang,the South China Sea was in poetry as home,waterway,port,coastline and a series of the South China Sea related poems appeared,which laid the foundation of the outh China Sea poem creation.The poetry circle of the Song and Yuan Dynasties started the writing tradition of paying attention to the political,economic,and cultural exchanges between the Chinese mainland and the South China Sea as well as its surrounding countries and regions.The South China Sea poems became a literary model to praise the power of the country and were endowed with the symbolic meaning of national unity.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the turbulent domestic environment and the severe international situation made the maritime policy more and more conservative and harsh,and the poems on the South China Sea developed into a new form of worrying about the security of the maritime frontier and defending the sovereignty of the territorial sea.The South China Sea poems of the past dynasties not only reflect the Chinese people′s arduous process of exploring the sea and seeking a happy life,but also show the indomitable spirit and temperament of the Chinese nation,and are of great value and significance for strengthening the national consciousness of the maritime frontier.