2020年1月呼和浩特市重污染天气过程分析

Analysis of Heavy Pollution Weather Process in January 2020 in Hohhot

利用呼和浩特市环境监测站发布的污染物数据、气象观测数据、3D激光雷达资料等对2020年1月呼和浩特市重污染天气过程进行分析,得出1月份大气严重污染的成因。结果表明:(1)1月份呼和浩特地区气象要素表现为地面风速小、相对湿度高、大气层结稳定,冷空气强度偏弱,更加促进大气污染物累积,并有利于颗粒物吸湿增长,致使空气质量恶化,强雾霾事件频发。(2)1月呼和浩特地区边界层平均高度430~550m。污染边界层高度持续偏低,造成了此次重污染天气的持续发生。(3)近地面物理量相关分析中,相对湿度与AQI的关系最为紧密,呈显著相关。(4)通过3D激光雷达的分析,得出造成1月份重污染天气的污染源以本地污染源为主,大气污染物以细粒子为主要成分。

The pollution data released by Hohhot Environmental Monitoring Station, meteorological observation data, 3 D lidar data and other data were used to analyze the heavy pollution weather process of Hohhot in January 2020 and get the cause of serious air pollution. The results show that :(1) In January, the meteorological elements in Hohhot region are characterized by low surface wind speed, high relative humidity, stable atmosphere, weak cold air intensity, which promote the accumulation of air pollutants and are conducive to the growth of moisture absorption of particulate matter, resulting in the deterioration of air quality and frequent occurrence of strong haze events.(2)The average height of the boundary layer in Hohhot city is about 430 ~ 550 m.The continuous low height of the polluted boundary layer leads to the continuous occurrence of the heavy pollution weather.(3) According to ground layer physical quantity correlation analysis, relative humidity has the closest relationship with AQI, showing a significant correlation.(4)Through the analysis of 3 D lidar, it is concluded that the pollution sources that caused the heavy pollution in January are mainly local pollution sources, and the air pollutants are composed of mainly fine particles.