颈动脉超声检测对原发性高血压患者粥样硬化斑块狭窄程度及其分布的临床诊断价值

The value of carotid ultrasound in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaque stenosis and its distribution in patients with essential hypertension

目的分析颈动脉超声检测对原发性高血压患者粥样硬化斑块狭窄程度及其分布的临床诊断价值。方法选取本院2018年2月至2020年5月收治的原发性高血压患者80例作为实验组,另选取同期本院健康体检者80名作为对照组。所以研究对象均接受颈动脉超声检测,比较两组斑块检出情况、颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块分布及斑块类型。结果实验组粥样硬化斑块发生率为76.25%,明显高于对照组的18.75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组最常见的斑块类型均为硬斑;实验组混合斑块发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组斑块主要分布在颈总动脉分叉处,其次为颈总动脉、颈内动脉及颈外动脉。结论应用颈动脉超声检测能准确诊断原发性高血压患者粥样硬化斑块的狭窄程度及其分布,且无创、操作简便,可为原发性高血压的早期诊治提供指导,具有临床推广价值。

Objective To analyze the clinical value of carotid ultrasound in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaque stenosis and its distribution in patients with essential hypertension.Methods 80 patients with essential hypertension admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the experimental group,and 80 health checkups in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.All subjects were examined by carotid ultrasound,the plaque detection,carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT),plaque distribution and plate type were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of atherosclerotic plaque in the experimental group was 76.25%,which was significantly higher than 18.75%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The most common plate types in the two groups were hard spots;the mixed plaque rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The plaques in the two groups were mainly distributed at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery,followed by the common carotid artery,internal carotid artery and external carotid artery.Conclusion Carotid ultrasound can accurately diagnose the stenosis and distribution of atherosclerotic plaque in patients with essential hypertension,and it is noninvasive,simple and convenient to operate.It can provide guidance for the early diagnosis and treatment of essential hypertension,and has clinical value.