肠道菌群与癫痫的相关性研究进展

The correlation between human gut microbiota and epilepsy and the research progress

癫痫发病机制主要聚焦在神经细胞表面的离子转运紊乱、抑制-兴奋性神经递质失衡及完整的神经调节系统破坏等方面。近年来,较多研究报道人类肠道菌群在癫痫、帕金森病、多发性硬化、阿尔兹海默病等患者中发生改变。来自动物及临床研究的证据均表明,肠道菌群失调可能与癫痫某些特定发作形式相关;大脑和肠道存在肠脑轴双向调控传输通路,肠道菌群不仅通过肠脑神经解剖通路影响大脑,还可通过内分泌系统、免疫系统和代谢系统影响大脑发育及功能。本文拟对肠道菌群在癫痫发生发展中的作用及机制研究进展进行综述。

The pathogenesis of epilepsy mainly focuses on the disturbance of ion transport on the surface of nerve cells,the imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters and the destruction of the complete neuro-regulatory system.In recent years,many studies reported human gut microbiota changes in patients with epilepsy,Parkinson's disease,multiple sclerosis,and Alzheimer's disease.Accumulating evidence from animal and clinical studies suggests that the gut microbiota dysbiosis may be associated with epilepsy onset of certain forms.There is a bidirectional regulation and transmission pathway between the brain and the gut microbiota not only affects the brain through the gut neuroanatomical pathway,but also affects the brain development and function through the gut-endocrine system,immune system and metabolism.In this paper,the role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of epilepsy and the research progress are reviewed.