基于二维材料的自旋-轨道矩研究进展

Research progress of spin-orbit torques based on two-dimensional materials

在具有自旋-轨道耦合效应的材料中,电荷流能够诱导产生垂直于电流方向的纯自旋流,当其注入近邻的磁性层时,会对其磁矩产生自旋-轨道矩.自旋-轨道矩能够快速、高效地翻转磁矩,为开发高性能的自旋电子器件提供了一种极佳的磁矩操控方式.二维材料由于具有很多的优点,如种类丰富、具有多样化的晶体结构和对称性、能够克服晶格失配形成高质量的异质结、具有强自旋-轨道耦合、电导率可调等,为研究自旋-轨道矩提供了独特的平台,因此引起了人们的广泛关注.本文涵盖了近年来与二维材料及其异质结构中自旋-轨道矩研究相关的最新进展,主要包括了基于非磁性二维材料(如MoS_(2),WSe_(2),WS_(2),WTe_(2),TaTe_(2),MoTe_(2),NbSe_(2),PtTe_(2),TaS_(2)等)和磁性二维材料(如Fe_(3)Ge Te_(2),Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6)等)的异质结中自旋-轨道矩的产生、表征和对磁矩的操控等.最后指出了目前研究中尚未解决的问题与挑战.

The spin-orbit torque generated by charge current in a strong spin-orbit coupling material provides a fast and efficient way to manipulate the magnetic moment in adjacent magnetic layers,which is expected to be used for developing low-power,high-performance spintronic devices.Two-dimensional materials have attracted great attention,for example,they have abundant species,a variety of crystal structures and symmetries,good adjustability of spin-orbit coupling strength and conductivity,and good ability to overcome the lattice mismatch to form high-quality heterojunctions,thereby providing a unique platform for studying the spin-orbit torques.This paper covers the latest research progress of spin-orbital torques in two-dimensional materials and their heterostructures,including their generations,characteristics,and magnetization manipulations in the heterostructures based on non-magnetic two-dimensional materials(such as MoS_(2),WSe_(2),WS_(2),WTe_(2),TaTe2,MoTe_(2),NbSe_(2),PtTe_(2),TaS_(2),etc.)and magnetic two-dimensional materials(such as Fe_(3)GeTe_(2),Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6),etc.).Finally,some problems remaining to be solved and challenges are pointed out,and the possible research directions and potential applications of two-dimensional material spin-orbit torque are also proposed.