人工湿地植物对氮素去除影响机制的研究进展

Research Advances in Influencing Mechanism of Constructed Wetland Plants on Nitrogen Removal

人工湿地植物通过直接作用与间接生态效应对系统脱氮过程发挥着至关重要的作用。其中,直接作用是湿地植物直接吸收利用无机氮;间接生态效应则是通过植物根系分泌氧和根系物质,以及影响氮素矿化作用,来改善脱氮微生物的生存环境,从而影响脱氮微生物的群落结构及硝化-反硝化过程,实现对湿地系统脱氮的影响。在此基础上,文章进一步阐述了植物对系统脱氮的影响机制,对人工湿地植物的选择、配置和高效脱氮人工湿地的设计进行了总结与展望。

Constructed wetland plants play a vital role in the system's nitrogen removal process through direct and indirect ecological effects.The direct effect depends on the plant's ability to absorb inorganic nitrogen,while the indirect ecological effect is related to the plant's ability to secrete oxygen,secrete exudate,and affect nitrogen mineralization.By releasing oxygen and exudates,plants will improve living environment and affect community structure of denitrifying microorganisms and the nitrification-denitrification process,and then nitrogen removal efficiency of wetland systems will be affected.On this basis,influencing mechanism of constructed wetland plants on nitrogen removal is expounded furtherly.Finally,the selection and configuration of plants in constructed wetlands and the design of efficient denitrification constructed wetlands are summarized and prospected.